Lonely elderly patients are more than twice as likely to develop Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like dementia than those who are not lonely, according to the results of a 4-year cohort study reported in the February issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry. However, pathology did not reveal Alzheimer's disease or cerebral infarction, suggesting that novel mechanisms may be involved.
"Social isolation in old age has been associated with risk of developing dementia, but the risk associated with perceived isolation, or loneliness, is not well understood," write Robert S. Wilson, PhD, of the Rush University Medical Center in Chicago, Illinois, and colleagues. "We examined these issues using data from the Rush Memory and Aging Project, a longitudinal clinicopathologic study of risk factors for chronic conditions of old age."
At baseline and annually thereafter for up to 4 years, 823 participants recruited from senior citizen facilities in and around Chicago, underwent uniform in-home evaluations including detailed cognitive function testing, clinical classification of dementia and AD, and assessment of loneliness with a modified version of the de Jong-Gierveld Loneliness Scale. For participants who died, uniform postmortem evaluation of the brain quantified AD pathologic abnormalities and cerebral infarction.
On the 5-item loneliness scale, mean baseline score was 2.3 ± 0.6. During follow-up, 76 subjects developed clinical AD, based on previously established composite measures of global cognition and specific cognitive functions.
No comments:
Post a Comment