June 19, 2007 — In patients with high or low numbers of metabolic risk factors, resistance training improves muscle strength and the ability to perform activities of daily living, according to the results of a randomized study published online in the June 11 Publish Ahead of Print issue of Diabetes Care.
"There are limited data on the effects of resistance training (RT) on the capacity to perform activities of daily living (ADL's) and quality of life (QoL) for individuals with high number of metabolic risk factors (HiMF)," write Itamar Levinger, MSc, from Victoria University in Melbourne, Australia, and colleagues. "This study examined the effect of RT on the capacity to perform ADL's and QoL in individuals with HiMF and compared any benefits with individuals with low numbers of metabolic risk factors (LoMF)."
The investigators randomized 55 untrained individuals, aged 50.8 ± 6.5 years, to 4 groups: high metabolic risk factor training, high metabolic risk factor controls, low metabolic risk factor training, and low metabolic risk factor controls. Participants underwent anthropometric measurements and assessments of aerobic power (peak oxygen consumption), muscle strength, capacity to perform ADLs, and a self-perceived quality-of-life questionnaire at baseline and after 10 weeks of RT. A repeated-measures analysis of variance helped in evaluating the effect of training over time among groups.
Although training increased lean body mass in individuals in both the high metabolic risk factor training (P = .03) and low metabolic risk factor training (P = .03) groups, total fat content and peak oxygen consumption improved only in the low metabolic risk factor training group. Both training groups improved in muscle strength (P < .01). Time to complete ADLs decreased by 8.8% in the low metabolic risk factor training group (P < .01) and by 9.7% in the high metabolic risk factor training group (P < .01), but only those in the latter group reported improvement in quality of life.
Study limitations include less qualitative dysfunction in the low metabolic risk factor training group at baseline and possible sex bias between the high metabolic risk factor (male:female, 20:10) vs low metabolic risk factor (8:17) subgroups.
"RT improved muscle strength and the capacity to perform ADL's in individuals with HiMF and LoMF," the authors write. "RT improved QoL for the HiMF group, and this was independent of changes to body fat content or aerobic power. Longer training regimes may be needed in order to improve QoL in individuals with LoMF."
Diabetes Care. Published online June 11, 2007.
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